The second is about fulfilling vows in the month of Sha'ban.

As for fulfilling vows, we say: fulfilling vows is praiseworthy, and for this reason Allah the Mighty and Majestic praised those who fulfill their vows.

In many places in His Book, and likewise the Prophet ﷺ mentioned it, and the narrations are numerous regarding the obligation to fulfill a vow if a person makes one, as long as it is not something haram.

Or if, for example, a person makes a vow about something.

Leaving it is better for him, then in that case there is no harm upon him if he leaves it for something else.

So we say that this is one of the matters that is strongly emphasized for a person, that he should fulfill his vow out of reverence for the One to whom he made the vow, who is Allah the Exalted, even though the original contract of making a vow in itself is not praiseworthy.

Considering that the purpose of a vow is to extract something from the stingy, because most people intend worship with a vow, so he says: I make a vow if Allah cures me.

Or if He lets me succeed, or provides me with something, then I will give charity, or I will maintain family ties, or I will do such and such.

So it is as if what held him back from spending, charity, and worship is that he did not spend, so it is as if he wants to bargain with Allah: Give me and I will give You, and for this reason it is discouraged.

The Lawgiver disliked it for this reason, but if he makes a vow, then he must fulfill it. There is no difference between a vow in Sha'ban or any other time, as fulfilling it is emphasized.

The exception to this is if a person makes a vow to do something forbidden in Sha'ban or any other time, then he is prevented from that. Among the prohibited matters is for a person to vow to fast the last days of the month.

And the Hereafter, and he singles it out for fasting, as if a person says: I vow to fast the thirtieth of Sha'ban, or to fast the twenty-ninth, because the Prophet, peace be upon him, forbade that.

As the Prophet ﷺ said: Do not fast before Ramadan by a day or two, so this is forbidden, and we say there is an expiation for it.

The expiation is for an oath, because the Prophet ﷺ said: Whoever makes a vow or swears an oath and then sees something better than it, let him do what is better and offer expiation for his oath.