To You belong glory and sovereignty.

Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am.

To You belongs all praise and sovereignty.

He has no partner.

O Allah, do not give me too much of this world so that I become arrogant, nor.

give me too little so that I forget, for what is little but sufficient is better than what is abundant but distracts.

O Allah, my age has advanced and my strength has lessened.

My flock has spread, so take my soul without neglect or excess.

Indeed, the most deserving thing a shepherd should care for in his flock,

is to remind them of what is due to Allah from them.

Among the duties of their religion to which He has guided them, and our responsibility is only.

To command you with what Allah has commanded you of obedience to Him.

And to forbid you from what Allah has forbidden you of disobedience to Him.

And to establish the command of Allah among those near and far.

We do not care on whose side the truth is.

So that the ignorant may learn, and the negligent may take heed.

And let those who follow take example, and know that iman is not by wishful thinking.

But it is by realities.

And whoever increases in striving,

will find with Allah even more.

And indeed, jihad is the peak of action.

And the true mujahidun are those who abandon bad deeds.

And whoever brings it.

And some people say, "We have strived."

But true striving is in the way of Allah.

Avoiding the forbidden, and there is nothing more beloved to Allah the Exalted and more beneficial than the forbearance and kindness of a leader.

And there is nothing more hated by Allah.

Than the ignorance and recklessness of a leader.

Indeed, by Allah, I did not send my workers to you to beat your backs.

Nor to take your wealth.

But I sent them to you

to teach you your religion and the sunnah of your Prophet ﷺ.

So whoever is treated otherwise, let him bring it to me.

By the One in Whose hand is my soul, I will take it back from whoever wronged him, and if I do not do so.

Then I am his partner in wrongdoing.

And it is better for me to remove a governor every day,

than to keep an oppressor for even an hour of the day.

For changing the governor

is easier than changing the people.

So the easiest thing by which I can reform a people

That I replace them with a leader who was not a leader.

So whoever is in charge of any matter concerning the Muslims,

let him have taqwa of Allah regarding them.

Do not strike the people and humiliate them.

And do not withhold their rights.

So you declare them disbelievers and do not place them in the worst positions.

So you neglect them. O people.

When you have completed your rituals.

Let the delegations from the cities gather with their governors and officials.

So I can look into their conditions.

And judge between them in what they disagreed about.

And take the right for the weak and the oppressed.

Shall we rest here, O Commander of the Believers? What made you weep, O Commander of the Believers?

Gratitude to Allah for the blessing, and fear.

You have been saved from the fitna. There is no deity except Allah, the Most High, the Most Great.

The Giver gives whatever He wills to whomever He wills. I remember myself when I used to herd the camels of al-Khattab.

Al-Khattab in this valley, and it was for silver.

He was harsh in his thinking, he would tire me when I worked, and beat me if I fell short.

And now.

I have reached a point where there is no one between me and Allah.

Do you have a copy of your water, young man? From the people.

He must be from Khuza'ah.

But if you refuse.

We will return guided, and we will seek our need from a generous man.

The generous man gives with kindness what he does not give with harshness.

When we take our camels out to water, bring your camels too, out of love and honor.

Who is the generous young man? Umar.

Umar ibn al-Khattab, from which clan of Quraysh is he? And I have declared that I am from Quraysh, and is the silence of Quraysh hidden?

From Adi, yes, the protection of the people.

Here is your firewood, aunt. I'll bring it in for you.

Leave it where it is for now. Won't you come in so I can feed you? I won't eat until I finish carrying these to the other aunts, and I'm afraid I'll be late for al-Khattab's camels and he'll be angry.

If you wish, we can speak to him to lighten some of your work. I don't hope for a lighter load, but for a stronger back, aunt. As for that, I have been given it.

May Allah increase your strength, son of Khattab's family.

Take it easy, son of al-Khattab.

This is for you.

Dates from Yathrib and raisins from Ta'if.

What brings you here at this hour? And the camels.

I gathered firewood for my maternal aunts. And the camels.

Your camels are fine, but shouldn't you ask about the camel herder first? About your son. My son is fine as long as the camels are fine.

Then be at ease, they are well in the valley of Dajnan.

And you didn't leave them until. What keeps you from them? I fear someone might attack them. Who would dare do that when they bear the mark of al-Khattab? Isn't al-Khattab Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, the leader of Abd Shams?

Nor is he al-Walid ibn al-Mughira, the leader of Makhzum, nor is he. Aren't we all, as Quraysh, the most honored among the Arabs?

This is when the rest of the Arabs challenge us.

So when we return to our tribes, we are not all equal.

Here is Hashim, and there is Abd Shams, and there is Makhzum, and there is Jumah.

Then people are distinguished by wealth and trade.

And if you stay away from your father's camels and someone else takes them, you mentioned wealth and trade.

About trade? Trade?

And where is the money you trade with? With my father, al-Khattab. May your mother lose you, the wealth of al-Khattab belongs to al-Khattab until al-Khattab perishes.

And I do not think that will happen soon. Did you think your father sleeps on a treasure of gold and silver?

By my life, you are not speaking to me as a son, but as a hired worker.

You will not be my son if some of my camels are lost and you are here arguing with me.

Should I not get by with some food, then prepare for the night in the valley of Dajnan.

I have nothing, I do not own anything, and when will you reach it in your day if you want to be here now.

And it is at such a distance from Mecca. Did it not occur to you that I traveled that distance to Mecca today.

If you will not be gentle with me, then be gentle with your donkey, for it is struggling and tired. And who made you come from there?

Did I order you to gather firewood for your maternal aunts from Banu Makhzum?

Shouldn't I honor my aunts? Your father has more right to your kindness. That doesn't prevent this, and I haven't disobeyed my father by being good to my aunts. Then hurry, hurry.

I will take care of it for you and for him, my father. Let Umar rest tonight in Mecca, and I will go out to the camels and take care of them until he meets me there tomorrow.

You for the camels? Is this out of respect or disdain? Neither this nor that.

But you are not skilled in what your father is skilled at, and he is not skilled in what you are skilled at.

Whoever fulfills is not blamed, and whoever's heart is guided to the tranquility of righteousness does not waver.

And whoever fears the causes of death will be reached by them, even if he climbs the ladders of the sky.

And whoever has virtue but withholds it from his people, they will do without him and blame him.

What brings you here at this hour? Is there some trouble behind you or. I brought you some food. You went through all that trouble just to bring me food? I managed with some dates from my aunt.

The truth is, I got tired of the gatherings of the people; it's either talk about the ancestors or talk about trade.

Your place here is better than that one, if only the work doesn't exhaust you.

I am not complaining. As for righteousness, it sharpens the mind.

And it clears the vision, and brings comfort to the heart.

And more merciful in nature. As for camels, when you spend time with them as I have, you learn that they require management and strategy.

And soon you are able to distinguish each one individually.

For each temperament has its own needs, character, and ability, and each one follows its own way in the herd.

But it does not resemble the others in all its conditions, so if you try to dominate it,

you will manage them as a group, care for them individually, and show compassion for them as they do for their own offspring.

If this is true for camels, it is even more true for people. Their affairs cannot be set right by chaos without leaders among them.

Whoever desires humiliation for you. The wolf only attacks the isolated sheep, so if they feel safe from division.

Each of them would then have his own situation, his own mind, his own direction, and what has been decreed for him. No one can take the place of another.

And if it were not for that, people would not need each other, and one would not ask another for what he does not have, so their gathering became a reason for protecting their individuals.

And the differences among individuals became a reason for their unity.

By Allah, you have been given intelligence and wisdom, O Umar, and you are still

young in age, but the elders hold back people like you.

What is this? Didn't you tell me you like to trade? Go to al-Sham with the Quraysh caravan and fulfill your desire there.

Then come back and tell me about its gardens and palaces.

Our friend. Welcome, Sayyid Ghassan.

Don't let Sayyid Ghassan hear you, or he'll turn the Roman king against me, and I can't handle that. I'm just a merchant, a merchant. How are you, Umar? I'm well, and you?

We thank the Lord for His blessing. How did you leave Mecca behind? Well. These are my companions from the Romans, as you see, and they are my partners in trade.

I mentioned you to them, I said we have tried him, he is generous and does not overcharge us. I started bargaining as usual, and you have not even seen our goods yet.

You start with praise and compliments to get what you want by making me feel embarrassed.

And did you think that Umar would be deceived by this talk?

I will not overcharge you as long as you do not overcharge me.

I only sell to you so that you will sell to me, and as for your praise, its price with me is that I praise you in return. Or did you leave bargaining with these Romans out of consideration for your brother?

We are of one tongue and one skin, which of us deserves your kindness more? If I share origin and language with you, I share religion and homeland with them.

Unless you believe in my religion, then you would be my brother in both ways. And who knows, maybe through you I could reach the king of the Romans and gain favor with him.

If that happens, perhaps you would prefer to stay among us with all hospitality and ease.

And wherever you are, compare the hardship of life in the land of the Arabs to the blessings and gardens of al-Sham. Take it easy, you have gone too far. I only came for trade; if you want, take it, and if you want, leave it. Rather, we will take it.

What do you have for us? Whatever you want of what you desire. Perfume, incense, gum, frankincense, and dates.

And ivory, Ethiopian ivory. I don't have it, but my companions do, I can bring it to you. And ebony.

Likewise.

Would you be willing to gather for me the items I name from some of your companions?

From your companions, so you keep it for me, and I will give you a reward for it, just between you and me. What's wrong with you? I only want to benefit you. What a terrible way you chose to benefit me.

I betray my companions and profit behind their backs without their knowledge, and help you oppress the people of your country.

So when you monopolize the goods, you raise the prices as you wish, and you set whatever price you want. I only attack what is right, and I am not pleased that some of your companions deceive you.

Indeed, oppression leads to a terrible end, and whoever dislikes oppression for others,

dislikes it for himself. Does your religion command you to do this, O Umar? Do you mean those idols you circle around? If my religion does not command me to do this,

then noble character, dignity, and keeping one's word are my religion. But where are you from your religion? Or is your religion the dirham and the dinar, even if you claim otherwise.

If your religion does not restrain you, then where is your dignity? You are from the Arabs.

The morals of the Romans and your long association with them have corrupted you.

I used to think that the Arabs of the peninsula and its desert

envied us for our position with the Romans in the Levant.

The greatest kingdoms on earth, and we are the kings of the Arabs here. Kings over your people, while the Romans are kings over you, so you are followers to them.

They make you serve their needs and use you in their wars, yet they do not include you in their affairs, so how could we envy you?

When we finish our work here, I will accompany you to the tribes of Damascus and then to the shop of Jirjis, so you will know why you should envy us.

Go, you. May you not succeed and may you not harm the house. May Allah cut off your tongue.

Why didn't you respond to him in the same way? What? He is a soldier from the Romans. Ah, yes. Now I have declared why I should envy you.

What? Ten dirhams? That's too much. By Allah, my profit is no more than half a dirham.

So if you wish, take it, and if you wish, leave it. Then we'll leave it. What a bad seller you are. Master Safwan, is it for one or two dirhams that you turn away the good one? My master.

It is your money and your father's money, and I am only a hired servant selling to you.

And that is the price your father instructed me to take. So give the good woman what she needs for the price she is satisfied with.

As you wish, master. If there are many good women, you and your father will become poor.

If there are many good women and our need to give to one of them is less, gold is only expensive because it is rare.

And the base metal dances because of its abundance.

O people!

O leaders of Quraysh, since when is a man wronged among you and his right taken? What is wrong with you, brother of Quraysh?

Leader of Banu Amir, are you pleased that this man takes my right while I am under your protection?

No, by al-Lat and al-Uzza, I did not do it. Rather, he did it, by the Lord of Musa.

He bought dates and barley from me during last year's season and he did not have its price.

He said, "Give me time until next year, and if I meet you at the season, I will pay you your due."

And that is its price and the extra amount required for the delay, and today he denies me my right.

But when I returned with the dates and barley,

and he went back to Yathrib, I checked the goods and found that he had deceived me.

He put the best of it on top, and what was beneath was spoiled and bad, only fit for animals.

I suffered a great loss because of it. He lied, by the Lord of Musa, when I sold it to him, there was no defect in it.

So if what he said is true, then it became corrupted with him. What concern is it of mine if he managed it badly? Abdullah.

Judge for my brother Qurayza what his debtor was unable to pay.

So that the Jews of Yathrib do not say that the protection of Aws and Khazraj is stronger than ours, and may Allah curse the most deceitful among you.

By al-Lat, if it were not for the blood of Abu al-Zayzan, I would have hurt you.

I did not pray against you and your kind, people, so we expelled you.

And you think we are camel meat? Ha! It hurts me, so when the promised one appears among us.

We killed you with it, like the people of 'Aad were killed.

He did not mean by his words the admonition that.

A Prophet will appear among them, they kept saying his time has passed. They would seek victory over the Arabs with him whenever a conflict arose, and believed they would overcome people through him.

Their hopes were disappointed.

I am from the yellow breed! Who will buy him? I am from the yellow breed! Bring me Umar.

You are the most knowledgeable among us about poetry, O Umar, so which of those poets is the most eloquent? As for al-Khansa', she made people cry and made others weep.

She remained constantly sad, and she would not finish before she started crying again. Umar!

Show him what he can do.

This is what the young man of Quraysh does. The man is not beyond you. Come on, come on, Umar, go to him.

Well done, well done, Umar.

Quraysh attacked and rushed forward.

Its knight, its ambassador, and its spokesman.

So whoever among us has a previous achievement to boast about, let him step forward now or remain silent.

Let him restrain his hand and his tongue, for what Allah has made great here is also great for Quraysh.

O Allah, Lord of Ibrahim, this is Your House which You have made great, so purify it from impurity.

And whatever the people have introduced into it. In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. Recite in the name of your Lord who created.

He created man from a clinging clot. Recite, and your Lord is the Most Generous, who taught by the pen.

He taught man what he did not know.

Allah the Almighty has spoken the truth. Good evening, my uncle Waraqa ibn Nawfal.

Aren't you the son of Abu Talib? Ali.

By Allah, I have only come at this hour for a serious matter.

Didn't Khadijah mention her need for me so that she would call for me at this hour?

No.

Blessed is the name of Allah. If you have told me the truth, my nephew,

then he is the Namus who was sent down to Musa, the son of Imran.

I wish I could be alive when your people drive you out.

No one has ever come with what you have brought except that he was opposed, and if I live to see your day,

I will support you with strong support.

My nephew, stay close to your cousin.

For he is the truth from the Lord of the heavens and the earth.

By Allah, you will not accept.

Build upon this village. In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate.

O you who is wrapped up.

Stand up and warn, and magnify your Lord.

And purify your garments, and avoid impurity.

And do not give seeking more in return.

Allah the Almighty has spoken the truth.

O Allah.